Masiku ano, Intaneti yalowa m’mabanja masauzande ambiri, ndipo intaneti yakhala chinthu chofunika kwambiri pamoyo wathu. Nthawi zambiri, zida zodziwika bwino zapaintaneti kunyumba ndi: ma modemu owonera, ma routers, ma switch, wifi, koma ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri sangathe kusiyanitsa mosavuta. Mukakumana ndi vuto la netiweki ndikuyitanitsa thandizo, nthawi zambiri zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuti muthane ndi vutoli chifukwa simungathe kusiyanitsa zida.

Ndiroleni ndidziwitse malingaliro ndi magwiridwe antchito a zida zingapo zapaintaneti monga ma modemu owonera, ma routers, masiwichi, ndi wifi mwatsatanetsatane pansipa.

1. Optical modem: Optical modem, yomwe imatchedwanso single-port optical transceiver, ndi mtundu wa zida zotumizira ma fiber optical.
Zochitika zambiri zogwiritsira ntchito ndi: wosuta-Efaneti kuwala modem-wowoneka chingwe-E1 kuwala modem-2M chingwe chapakati ofesi SDH kuwala transceiver A-chapakati ofesi SDH kuwala transceiver B-PDH kuwala transceiver-E1 kuti Efaneti protocol kutembenuka-wosuta zipangizo (Ethernet) kusintha kapena kompyuta etc).
Zindikirani: Kuti muzindikire kulumikizana kwa kuwala, kusinthasintha kwa kuwala ndi kutsitsa kuyenera kuchitika, chifukwa chake modem ya kuwala ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri panjira yolumikizirana ndi fiber.

2. Kusintha: Cholinga chachikulu ndikutsegula intaneti kudzera pa chingwe cha netiweki, chomwe chili ndi ntchito yokulitsa doko la netiweki. Komabe, aliyense amayimba intaneti padera, ndipo aliyense amagwiritsa ntchito burodibandi yake. Aliyense alibe mphamvu pa intaneti, ngakhale anthu ena akutsitsa, zidzakhudzanso mwayi wawo wa intaneti. Palibe chokhudza, ndipo makompyuta onse omwe amagwiritsa ntchito chosinthira chimodzi ali mu LAN yomweyo. Zosintha zamafakitale ndi masiwichi a PoE amakampani omwe timapanga amagwera m'gululi.

3. Router: Monga chosinthira, imatha kukulitsa doko la netiweki ndipo imakhala ndi ntchito yoyimba. Makompyuta olumikizidwa pa intaneti kudzera pa rauta yomweyo amagawana akaunti yofananira, ndipo kupezeka kwa intaneti kwa aliyense kumakhudza mnzake. Mwachitsanzo, ngati kompyuta ikuchita dawunilodi, makompyuta ena pa rauta yomweyo amaona kuti liwiro la intaneti ndilochedwa kwambiri. Makompyuta omwe ali pa rauta yomweyo alinso mu netiweki yapafupi. Ma routers athu a mafakitale a 4G nawonso ali m'gululi, ndipo ma routers amagawidwanso m'magulu angapo ndi mlingo.

4. WiFi: ndi teknoloji yomwe imalola zipangizo zamagetsi kuti zigwirizane ndi makina amtundu wamba (WLAN), nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito 2.4G UHF kapena 5G SHF ISM ma frequency band. Kulumikiza ku LAN yopanda zingwe nthawi zambiri kumatetezedwa ndi mawu achinsinsi; koma imathanso kutseguka, yomwe imalola chipangizo chilichonse mkati mwa WLAN kuti chigwirizane. Wi-Fi ndi mtundu waukadaulo waukadaulo wolumikizirana opanda zingwe, womwe umagwiridwa ndi Wi-Fi Alliance, ndi cholinga chowongolera kugwirizana pakati pa zinthu zopanda zingwe zama netiweki kutengera mulingo wa IEEE 802.11.

Zowonjezera: Anthu ena amanena kuti rauta ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chosinthira. Njirayi ili motere: Osalumikiza chingwe cha netiweki kuchokera pa modemu ya kuwala kupita ku doko la WAN, koma plug mu doko lililonse la LAN. Zinthu zina sizisintha. Panthawiyi, rauta imazindikira ntchito ya switch.