Guhindura ingandabyashizweho byumwihariko kugirango bikemure ibyifuzo byinganda byoroshye kandi bihindurwe kandi bitange umusaruro uhendutse winganda Ethernet itumanaho.Guhindura inganda, nkibikoresho byacu bikoreshwa cyane bya LAN, byamenyereye buriwese.Kuba yaramamaye mubyukuri biterwa no gukoresha cyane Ethernet, nkibikoresho byingenzi byumunsi wa Ethernet, hazaba ibikoresho nkibi hafi ya yose yo mukarere.

Inganda zahinduwe ninganda zishingiye kuri Ethernet kugirango zohereze amakuru, naho Ethernet ikoresha umuyoboro waho usangiye imiyoboro ya bisi.Imiterere ya Ethernet ihinduka nuko buri cyambu gihujwe na host, kandi muri rusange gikora muburyo bwuzuye-duplex.Ihindura irashobora guhuza ibice byinshi byicyambu icyarimwe, kugirango buri jambo ryabashitsi bavugana hagati yabo rishobora kohereza amakuru nta makimbirane nkaho aribwo buryo bwitumanaho bwihariye.Urebye topologiya ikurikira, uzasanga mugihe cyo gukoresha inyenyeri topologiya, byanze bikunze hazabaho ihinduka muri Ethernet, kubera ko abashyitsi bose bahujwe no guhinduranya inganda bakoresheje insinga kugirango bahuze.

Mubyukuri, mubihe byambere byinyenyeri topologiya, igikoresho gisanzwe cyoguhuza ibikoresho ni "HUB (hub)", ariko hub ifite ibibazo nkumuyoboro mugari, amakimbirane hagati yicyambu, kuko buriwese azi ko Ethernet isanzwe ari "hub".Urusobe rw'amakimbirane ”bisobanura ko mu cyiswe“ indangarugero y'amakimbirane ”, byibuze imitwe ibiri ishobora kuvugana.Byongeye kandi, nubwo ihuriro rifite ibyambu byinshi, imiterere yimbere ni yo bita "imiterere ya bisi" ya Ethernet, bivuze ko hariho "umurongo" umwe gusa imbere mu itumanaho.Niba ukoresha igikoresho cya hub, kurugero, niba imiyoboro iri hagati yicyambu 1 na 2 ivugana, ibindi byambu bigomba gutegereza.Ikintu cyatewe mu buryo butaziguye, nk'urugero, bifata iminota 10 yo kohereza amakuru hagati yumutwe uhuza ibyambu 1 na 2, kandi aho icyambu cya 3 nicya 4 giherereye icyarimwe nacyo gitangira kohereza amakuru binyuze muri iyi hub, amakimbirane. hamwe, bitera ibyo buri wese akeneye Igihe kizaba kirekire, kandi birashobora gufata iminota igera kuri 20 kugirango urangize kwanduza.Nukuvuga ko ibyambu byinshi kuri hub bishyikirana, niko amakimbirane arushaho gukomera, kandi bigatwara igihe cyo kohereza amakuru.

Ibiranga umubiri byahinduye inganda bivuga ibiranga isura, ibiranga guhuza umubiri, imiterere yicyambu, ubwoko bwibanze, ubushobozi bwo kwaguka, ubushobozi bwo gutondekanya hamwe nibipimo byerekana bitangwa na switch, byerekana imiterere yibanze ya switch.

Tekinoroji yo guhinduranya nigicuruzwa gihinduranya kiranga ubworoherane, igiciro gito, imikorere ihanitse hamwe nubucucike bwicyambu kinini, bikubiyemo tekinoroji igoye yo guhinduranya ikoranabuhanga ryikiraro murwego rwa kabiri rwicyitegererezo cya OSI.Kimwe nikiraro, switch ifata icyemezo cyoroshye cyo kohereza amakuru ukurikije aderesi ya MAC muri buri paki.Kandi iki cyemezo cyo kohereza muri rusange ntabwo gitekereza andi makuru yimbitse yihishe muri paki.Itandukaniro hamwe nikiraro nuko ihinduka ryimbere yo gutinda ari rito cyane, hafi yimikorere ya LAN imwe, kandi irenze kure imikorere yoherejwe hagati yimiyoboro isanzwe ihuza imiyoboro.

Guhindura tekinoroji ituma umurongo mugari uhinduka kubice bisangiwe kandi byabigenewe bya LAN kugirango bigabanye icyuho cyogutambutsa amakuru hagati ya LAN.Hano hari ibicuruzwa bya Ethernet, Ethernet yihuse, FDDI na tekinoroji ya ATM.

Gukoresha imiyoboro yabugenewe yabugenewe ituma ihinduka ryimbere ryamakuru abangikanye ku byambu byose ku gipimo cyumurongo, bitanga imikorere isumba iy'ikiraro gakondo.Porogaramu yihariye ya tekinoroji ihuriweho ituma uhindura gukora hamwe nibikorwa byavuzwe haruguru mugihe ibyambu byinshi, kandi ikiguzi cyacyo kiri munsi yicy'ikiraro gakondo.

Guhindura inganda birakoreshwa cyane.Kubijyanye no gusaba inganda, zikoreshwa cyane cyane: umutekano wamakara, gutambuka gari ya moshi, gukoresha uruganda, sisitemu yo gutunganya amazi, umutekano wumujyi, nibindi.