1. Imiyoboro idacungwa
Mbere ya byose, reka tuvuge kubyerekeranye na sisitemu zidacungwa. Imiyoboro idacungwa nayo yitwa umuswa. Muri make, ntabwo batunganya amakuru neza, gusa ucomeka kumurongo wa interineti. Imiyoboro idacungwa ni iyamakuru ahuza igikoresho. Irashobora kumenya amakuru ya aderesi ya MAC mumapaki yamakuru, hanyuma ikohereza imbere ukurikije aderesi ya MAC, hanyuma ikandika aya aderesi ya MAC hamwe nibyambu bihuye mumeza yimbere yimbere.

Akarusho kayo nuko byoroshye gukoresha, gucomeka no gukina, birashobora gukoreshwa mumubare munini wurukurikirane, bikwiriye gukoreshwa ahantu hafite ibikoresho byinshi bya PC, kandi bihendutse kandi birashobora kuzigama amafaranga.

2. Gucunga neza
Imiyoboro yo gucunga imiyoboro isobanura muburyo busanzwe, ihinduka rishobora gucungwa numuyoboro, hariho uburyo butatu bwo kuyobora, bushobora gucungwa binyuze kumurongo wuruhererekane, binyuze kurubuga, no muri software icunga imiyoboro. Ibyatanzwe muburyo bwo gucunga imiyoboro bizashyirwaho binyuze muburyo bworoshye bwo gucunga imiyoboro (SNMP). Porotokole ya SNMP kuri ubu niyo ikoreshwa cyane mu gucunga imiyoboro ishingiye kuri TCP / IP. Irashobora gukora aderesi yamakuru, icyambu, ubwoko bwa protocole, serivisi, nibindi. Akayunguruzo, mubisanzwe bifite imikorere ya VLAN igabana.

Igikorwa cyo gucunga neza ni ugukomeza ibikoresho byose byurusobe mumeze neza. Imiyoboro yo gucunga imiyoboro itanga uburyo bwinshi bwo gucunga imiyoboro ishingiye ku cyambu cyo kugenzura (Console), gishingiye ku rupapuro, kandi gishyigikira imiyoboro ya kure ya Telnet. Kubwibyo, abayobozi bumuyoboro barashobora gukora hafi cyangwa kure yigihe-nyacyo cyo kugenzura imiterere yimikorere ya switch na rezo y'urusobekerane, kandi bagacunga imiterere yimikorere nuburyo bwo gukora bwibyambu byose byahinduwe muburyo bwisi.

Ni izihe nyungu zo guhinduranya ibintu?
* Umuyoboro munini winyuma, umuvuduko wihuse wohereza amakuru;
* Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwibyambu byatanzwe, nuburyo butandukanye bwa interineti nka SFP, GE, Ethernet yihuta, Ethernet, nibindi birashobora gutoranywa ukurikije porogaramu y'urusobe;
* Shigikira vlan igabana, abayikoresha barashobora kugabana uduce kubisabwa bitandukanye, kugenzura neza no gucunga imiyoboro, no gukomeza guhagarika ibihuhusi;
* Amakuru manini yinjiza, igipimo gito cyo gutakaza paki, nubukererwe buke;
* Guhuza guhuza kwemerera abahindura, abahindura, bahindura hamwe na seriveri guhuzwa hamwe binyuze ku byambu byinshi bya Ethernet kugirango ugere ku buringanire;
* Amakuru yamakuru arashobora kugenzurwa hashingiwe ku nkomoko, aho ujya, no kumurongo;
* Hamwe nimikorere yo kurinda ARP, irashobora kunoza no kugabanya imiyoboro ya ARP;
* Aderesi ya MAC irashobora guhambirwa;
* Icyerekezo cyerekana ibyambu birashobora gukoporora traffic na status yicyambu kimwe kurindi cyambu cya switch kugirango igenzurwe;
* Shigikira imikorere ya DHCP;
* Urutonde rwo kugenzura kwinjira rushobora kugenzura amakuru yamakuru ya IP, nko kugabanya urujya n'uruza rwayo, kwinjira, no gutanga QoS, nibindi.;
* Hamwe nimikorere myiza yumutekano, irashobora gushungura no gufunga aderesi ya MAC, kandi irashobora kubaka imbonerahamwe ya MAC yoherejwe;
* Irashobora gushyigikira IEEE802.1Q na VLAN ishingiye ku buhanga bw'icyambu. GVRP (GARP, VLAN Kwiyandikisha Porotokole) na GMRP (GARP Multicast Registration Protocol) igira uruhare muri IEEE802.1QVLAN nayo irashyigikirwa cyane;
* Hamwe nimikorere ya SNMP, irashobora gucunga neza no kugenzura umuyoboro;
* Biroroshye kwaguka kandi byoroshye porogaramu, irashobora gucungwa binyuze muri software icunga imiyoboro, cyangwa ikagera kure ikoresheje uburyo bwayo bwite bwo kugenzura, byongera umutekano no kugenzura imiyoboro.