In kasta oo labadaba loo isticmaalo beddelka shabakadda, waxaa jira kala duwanaansho xagga shaqada ah.

Farqiga 1:Culayska iyo subnetting way kala duwan yihiin.Waxa kaliya oo jiri kara hal waddo oo u dhaxaysa furayaasha Ethernet, si akhbaartu ay ugu ururto hal xidhiidh oo isgaarsiineed oo aan si firfircoon loo qoondayn karin si loo dheellitiro culeyska.Hab-maamuuska hab-maamuuska router-ka ayaa ka fogaan kara tan.Algorithmamka hab-raaca habraaca OSPF kaliya ma dhalin karo wadooyin badan, laakiin sidoo kale dooro wadooyin kala duwan oo ugu wanaagsan codsiyada shabakadaha kala duwan.Waxaa la arki karaa in culeyska router-ku uu si weyn uga weyn yahay kan beddelka Ethernet.Furayaasha Ethernet waxay aqoonsan karaan oo keliya ciwaannada MAC.Cinwaannada MAC waa ciwaanno jireed waxayna leeyihiin qaab ciwaan fidsan, sidaa darteed shabakad-hoosaadka laguma salayn karo ciwaannada MAC.Router-ku wuxuu tilmaamayaa cinwaanka IP-ga, kaas oo uu u xilsaaray maamulaha shabakadda.Waa ciwaan macquul ah oo ciwaanka IP-gu waxa uu leeyahay qaab-dhismeedka kala sareynta.Waxay u qaybsantaa nambarada shabakada iyo nambarada martida loo yahay, kuwaas oo si sahlan loo isticmaali karo si loo qaybiyo subnets.Shaqada ugu weyn ee router waa in la isticmaalo isku xirka shabakadaha kala duwan

Farqiga 2:Warbaahinta iyo xakamaynta baahinta ayaa kala duwan.Beddelka Ethernet wuxuu kaliya dhimi karaa goobta isku dhaca, laakiin ma aha qaybta baahinta.Shabakadda la damilay oo dhan waa goob warbaahineed oo ballaadhan, baakadaha baahintana waxa loo qaybiyaa dhammaan shabakadda beddelantay.Router-ku wuxuu go'doomin karaa barta baahinta, baakadaha baahintana ma sii wadi karaan in lagu sii daayo router-ka.Waxaa la arki karaa in kala duwanaanshaha kontoroolka baahinta ee furayaasha Ethernet ay aad uga badan tahay kan router-ka, iyo kala-duwanaanta kontoroolka baahinta ee router-ku wali waa yar yahay.Qalabka isku-xidhka ah, beddelka Ethernet wuxuu sidoo kale dhamaystiri karaa beddelka u dhexeeya lakabyada isku xirka kala duwan iyo lakabyada jirka, laakiin habka beddelka waa mid adag oo kuma habboona hirgelinta ASIC, taas oo si lama filaan ah u dhimi doonta xawaaraha gudbinta ee beddelka.