Nangona zombini zisetyenziselwa ukutshintshwa kwenethiwekhi, kukho umahluko kumsebenzi.

Umahluko 1:Umthwalo kunye ne-subnetting ziyahluka.Kukho kuphela indlela enye phakathi kokutshintsha kwe-Ethernet, ukuze ulwazi lugxininiswe kwikhonkco enye yonxibelelwano kwaye ayinakwabiwa ngokuguquguqukayo ukulinganisa umthwalo.I-algorithm yeprotocol yomzila we-router inokukuphepha oku.I-algorithm yeprotocol ye-OSPF ayinakukwazi ukuvelisa iindlela ezininzi kuphela, kodwa iphinde ikhethe iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezifanelekileyo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo zenethiwekhi.Ingabonwa ukuba umthwalo we-router mkhulu kakhulu kunolo lokutshintsha kwe-Ethernet.Izitshixo ze-Ethernet zinokubona kuphela iidilesi ze-MAC.Iidilesi ze-MAC ziidilesi zendawo kwaye zinesakhiwo sedilesi esicaba, ngoko ke i-subnetting ayinakusekwa kwiidilesi ze-MAC.I-router ichonga idilesi ye-IP, enikezelwa ngumlawuli wenethiwekhi.Yidilesi enengqiqo kwaye idilesi ye-IP inesakhiwo se-hierarchical.Yahlulahlulwe ngokwamanani womnatha kunye namanani omkhosi, anokusetyenziswa ngokulula ukwahlula ii-subnets.Umsebenzi oyintloko we-router kukusebenzisa ukudibanisa kwiinethiwekhi ezahlukeneyo

Umahluko 2:Imidiya kunye nolawulo losasazo lwahlukile.Ukutshintsha kwe-Ethernet kunokunciphisa kuphela i-domain yongquzulwano, kodwa hayi indawo yosasazo.Inethiwekhi yonke etshintshiweyo yi-domain enkulu yosasazo, kwaye iipakethi zokusasazwa zisasazwa kuwo wonke umnatha otshintshiweyo.I-router inokwahlula i-domain yokusasazwa, kwaye iipakethi zokusasaza azikwazi ukuqhubeka zisasazwa nge-router.Ingabonwa ukuba uluhlu lolawulo losasazo lokutshintsha kwe-Ethernet lukhulu kakhulu kunolo lwee-routers, kwaye uluhlu lolawulo losasazo lwee-routers luseluncinci.Njengesixhobo sokuvala ibhuloho, umtshini we-Ethernet unokugqiba ukuguqulwa phakathi kweengqimba zekhonkco ezahlukeneyo kunye neengqimba zomzimba, kodwa le nkqubo yokuguqulwa iyinkimbinkimbi kwaye ayifanelekanga ukuphunyezwa kwe-ASIC, okuya kunciphisa ngokuqinisekileyo isantya sokudlulisa ukutshintshwa.