1. Amanqanaba okusebenza ahlukeneyo:

Uluhlu lwe-2 lokutshintshasebenza kwi-data link layer, kunyeUluhlu lwe-3 lokutshintshasebenza kumaleko womnatha. Ukutshintsha kwe-Layer 3 akuphumeleli kuphela ukuhanjiswa kwepakethi yedatha ephezulu ngokukhawuleza, kodwa kwakhona kufezekise ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi ngokufanelekileyo ngokweemeko ezahlukeneyo zenethiwekhi.

2. Umgaqo wahlukile:

Umgaqo wokutshintshela umaleko we-2 kukuba xa umtshintshi efumana ipakethi yedatha kwizibuko elithile, iya kuqala ifunde idilesi ye-MAC yomthombo kwipakethi, emva koko ufunde idilesi ye-MAC yokuya kwipakethi, kwaye ujonge izibuko elihambelanayo. itafile yeedilesi. , ukuba kukho izibuko ehambelana nendawo ekuyiwa kuyo idilesi ye-MAC kwitheyibhile, khuphela ipakethe yedatha ngqo kweli zibuko. Umgaqo weLayer 3 switch ulula, oko kukuthi, enye indlela itshintshiselwa ngamaxesha amaninzi. Ngokubanzi, yindlela yokuqala yomthombo-ukuya-indawo. Umthombo wendawo ekuyiwa kuyo unokutshintshwa ngokukhawuleza.

3. Imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo:

Ukutshintshwa kwe-Layer 2 kusekelwe kwi-adresi ye-MAC yokufikelela, kuphela idatha phambili, kwaye ayikwazi ukuqwalaselwa ngedilesi ye-IP, ngelixa i-Layer 3 idibanisa idibanisa i-Layer 2 yokutshintsha iteknoloji kunye nomsebenzi wokudlulisa i-Layer 3, oku kuthetha ukuba i-Layer 3 iyatshintsha. ngokusekelwe kuLuleko lwesi-2 sokutshintsha. Umsebenzi wokwenza umzila wongezwa apha ngasentla, kwaye iidilesi ze-IP ze-vlans ezahlukeneyo zingaqwalaselwa, kwaye unxibelelwano phakathi kwe-vlans lunokuphunyezwa ngeendlela ezintathu.

4. izicelo ezahlukeneyo:

Iiswitshi ze-Layer 2 zisetyenziswa ikakhulu kwi-network access layer kunye ne-aggregation layer, ngelixa iiswitshi zeLayer 3 zisetyenziswa ikakhulu kumaleko angundoqo wothungelwano, kodwa kukwakho nenani elincinci le-Layer 3 yokutshintsha esetyenziswa kwi-aggregation layer.

5. Iiprothokholi ezixhaswayo zahlukile:

Iiswitshi zeLayer 2 zixhasa umaleko womzimba kunye neeprothokholi zomaleko wedatha, njengokutshintsha kwe-Ethernet kunye nokutshintsha kweLayer 2. I-HUB inemisebenzi efanayo, ngelixa iLayer 3 itshintsha ixhasa umaleko womzimba, i-data link layer kunye ne-network layer protocols.