The optical module is mainly used to convert the electrical signal in the device (usually referring to the switch or router device) into an optical signal, and then transmit it through an optical fiber (implemented by the transmitting end of the optical module), and can receive an external optical fiber at the same time The transmitted optical signal is converted into an electrical signal (realized by the receiving end of the optical module) and input to the device. The functional failure of the optical module is divided into the failure of the transmitting end and the failure of the receiving end. The most common problems are concentrated in the pollution and damage of the optical port and ESD damage.

1. Pollution and damage to the optical port

Due to the pollution and damage of the optical interface, the loss of the optical link increases, resulting in the optical link failure. The reasons are:
A. The optical port of the optical module is exposed to the environment, and dust enters and pollutes the optical port;
B. The end face of the optical fiber connector used has been contaminated, and the optical port of the optical module is contaminated twice;
C. The end face of the optical connector with pigtail is used improperly, the end face is scratched, etc.;
D. Use inferior fiber optic connectors;

2. ESD damage
ESD is the abbreviation of ElectroStatic Discharge, or “electrostatic discharge”. It is a very fast process with a rise time of less than 1ns (one billionth of a second) or even hundreds of ps (1ps=1,000 billionth of a second). Strong electromagnetic pulse of ten Kv/m or more.Static electricity can attract dust, change the impedance between the lines, and affect the function and life of the product; the heat generated by the instantaneous electric field or current of ESD can damage the component, and it can still work in a short time but its life will be affected; it can even damage the insulation or conductor of the component, causing The component does not work (completely destroyed). ESD is inevitable. In addition to improving the ESD resistance of electronic components, it is important to use them correctly.